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(03) 9497 5885 A core right Filipinos are enjoying is freedom of religion. RAUL C. PANGALANGAN is Professor of Law and former Law Dean, University of the Philippines. 1. “Putting the whole of Mindanao under martial law is very dangerous and vulnerable to abuse,” said Alih Aiyub, secretary-general of the Ulama Council of the Philippines. Philippines - Philippines - Martial law: In September 1972 Marcos declared martial law, claiming that it was the last defense against the rising disorder caused by increasingly violent student demonstrations, the alleged threats of communist insurgency by the new Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), and the Muslim separatist movement of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). "No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion": This means that laws must never be created to favor, uphold, honor, or respect any religion. The Philippines was placed under martial law by President Ferdinand Marcos and relations changed dramatically, as some bishops opposed the martial law. The University of the Philippines (UP) Bonifacio Global City campus was packed with legal experts, lawyers, academic scholars, religious leaders, law students and religious … A new constitution was ratified in 1973 which included the separation of church and state clause, signaling a new development in the body of law on religious affairs. Republic Act 8353 (The Anti-Rape Law of 1997), which was a huge leap forward in the country’s drive against rapists, unfortunately, had a tiny setback, specifically Article 266 Section C which states: “The subsequent valid marriage between the offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty imposed. Marriage extinguishes criminal liability of rape. 15. Religion in the Philippines is marked by a majority of people being adherents of the Christian faith. The Muslim religious leader told ucanews.com that “innocent people might be caught in the crossfire or might be arrested illegally by mere suspicion.” The social movements that emerged after Martial Law advocated reform, and some of them would later on become part of mainstream politics. The Philippines violated this section by creating Republic Act No. Islamic Law - The most widespread type of religious law, it is the legal system enforced in over 30 countries, particularly in the Near East, but also in Central and South Asia, Africa, and Indonesia. Marcos Dictatorship. In many countries Islamic law operates in tandem with a civil law system. Nonetheless, these movements targeted as beneficiaries the vulnerable and marginalized groups in the Philippine society, including, but not limited to, women, peasants, and workers (Tadem and Tigno 2006). He has taught Public International Law as a Visiting Professor at Harvard Law School. Philippine law has strayed from the wall of strict separation, and instead abides by the principle of benevolent neutrality which allows government support of religion so long as it does not discriminate for or against other faiths. He is actively involved in judicial reform, and he was a Philippine delegate to the 1998 Rome Conference that wrote the Statute of the International Criminal Court. 6734 ARMM (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao).
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